Virginia Law

A. DMAS shall implement and conduct a drug utilization review program (DUR program) for covered drugs prescribed for eligible recipients. The program shall help to ensure that prescriptions are appropriate, medically necessary, and are not likely to cause medically adverse events. The program shall provide for ongoing retrospective DUR, prospective DUR and an educational outreach program to educate practitioners on common drug therapy problems with the aim of improving prescribing practices. As needed, the program shall also provide for electronic messages as well as rejected or denied services when such claims are not consistent with DUR criteria and requirements. The primary objectives shall be:

1. Improving in the quality of care;

2. Maintaining program integrity (i.e., controlling problems of fraud and benefit abuse); and

3. Conserving program funds and individual expenditures.

B. Certain organized health care settings shall be exempt from the further requirements of retrospective and prospective DUR process as provided for in § 4401 of OBRA 90.

C. The purpose of retrospective DUR shall be to screen for:

1. Monitoring for therapeutic appropriateness;

2. Overutilization and underutilization;

3. Appropriate use of generic products;

4. Therapeutic duplication;

5. Drug-disease/health contraindications;

6. Drug-drug interactions;

7. Incorrect drug dosage or duration of treatment;

8. Clinical abuse/misuse and fraud, and as necessary

9. Introduce to physicians and pharmacists remedial strategies to improve the quality of care rendered to their patients.

D. The purpose of prospective DUR shall be to screen for:

1. Potential drug therapy problems due to therapeutic duplication;

2. Drug-disease/health contraindications;

3. Drug-drug interactions (including serious interactions with nonprescription or over-the-counter drugs);

4. Incorrect drug dosage or duration of drug treatment;

5. Drug-allergy interactions; and

6. Clinical abuse and misuse.

E. In instances where initial claims for reimbursement of covered services are determined to be in conflict with DUR criteria and requirements, such claims shall receive electronic messages or be rejected or denied, as appropriate, back to the dispensing pharmacist with notification as to the substance of the conflict. The dispensing pharmacist will be afforded the opportunity to provide an intervention, based on his professional expertise and knowledge, to modify the service to be claimed for reimbursement. If the modification no longer conflicts with the DUR criteria, the claim for the modified service shall be adjudicated for payment. If the modification requires additional information from the prescriber, the pharmacist shall advise the prescribing physician of the continuing conflict and advise the physician to seek prior authorization approval from either DMAS or the pharmacy benefits contractor for his treatment plans.

F. Designated interventions may include provider override, obtaining prior authorization via communication to a call center staffed with appropriate clinicians, or written communication to prescribers.