Virginia Law

A. No owner or other person shall perform miscellaneous industrial adhesive application processes in excess of the following limits.

1. Facilities opting to meet specific emissions limits in lieu of the control efficiency in subdivision 2 of this subsection shall meet the applicable emissions limits in Table 4-58A.

a. The VOC content limits in Table 4-58A for adhesives applied to particular substrates shall apply as follows:

(1) If an owner or other person uses an adhesive or sealant subject to a specific VOC content limit for such adhesive or sealant in Table 4-58A, such specific limit is applicable rather than an adhesive-to-substrate limit.

(2) If an adhesive is used to bond dissimilar substrates together, the applicable substrate category with the highest VOC content shall be the limit for such use.

b. The emission limits in Table 4-58A shall be met by averaging the VOC content of materials used on a single application process unit for each day (i.e., daily within-application process unit averaging). Cross-application process unit averaging (i.e., averaging across multiple application units) shall not be used to determine these emission limits.

c. VOC content shall be determined as follows:

(1) For adhesives that are not reactive adhesives, VOC content shall be determined using Reference Method 24.

(2) For reactive adhesives, VOC content shall be determined using the procedure for reactive adhesives in Appendix A of subpart PPPP of 40 CFR Part 63.

(3) As an alternative to the methods in subdivisions (1) and (2) of this subdivision A 1 c, the manufacturer's formulation data may be used. If there is a disagreement between manufacturer's formulation data and the results of a subsequent test, the test method results shall be used unless the facility can demonstrate to the board's satisfaction that the manufacturer's formulation data are correct.

2. Facilities opting to meet a control efficiency in lieu of the specific emission limits in subdivision 1 of this subsection shall meet an overall control efficiency of 85%.

3. The following materials shall not be subject to the limits and controls found in subdivisions 1 and 2 of this subsection but shall be subject to the work practices found in subdivision B 3 of this section:

a. Adhesives or adhesive primers being tested or evaluated in any research and development, quality assurance, or analytical laboratory.

b. Adhesives or adhesive primers used in the assembly, repair, or manufacture of aerospace or undersea-based weapon systems.

c. Adhesives or adhesive primers used in medical equipment manufacturing operations.

d. Cyanoacrylate adhesive application processes.

e. Application of aerosol adhesives and adhesive primers applied with a handheld, disposable can that is pressured and that dispenses an adhesive or adhesive primer by means of a propellant. Aerosol adhesives are regulated by VOC Emission Standards for Consumer Products, subpart C of 40 CFR Part 59. Aerosol adhesive primers are regulated as "primers" under VOC Emission Standards for Aerosol Coatings, subpart E of 40 CFR Part 59.

f. Processes using polyester bonding putties to assemble fiberglass parts at fiberglass boat manufacturing facilities and at other reinforced plastic composite manufacturing facilities.

g. Processes using adhesives and adhesive primers that are supplied by the manufacturer in containers with a net volume of 16 ounces or less, or a net weight of one pound or less.

h. Cleaning materials.

B. The owner of a facility subject to this article shall implement the following control options as applicable:

1. A facility using low-VOC adhesives or adhesive primers shall use one of the following application methods:

a. Electrostatic spray;

b. HVLP spray;

c. Flow coat;

d. Roll coat or hand application, including nonspray application methods similar to hand or mechanically powered caulking gun, brush, or direct hand application;

e. Dip coat, including electrodeposition;

f. Airless spray;

g. Air-assisted airless spray; or

h. Other adhesive application method capable of achieving a transfer efficiency equivalent to or better than that achieved by HVLP spraying.

2. A facility with product performance requirements or other needs that dictate the use of higher-VOC materials than those that would meet the emission limits in Table 4-58A shall either (i) use add-on control equipment with an overall control efficiency of 85% or (ii) use a combination of adhesives and add-on control equipment on an application process unit to meet the emission limits in Table 4-58A. Add-on devices may include oxidizers, adsorbers, absorbers, and concentrators.

3. The following work practices for the application of adhesives, adhesive primers, and process-related waste materials, shall be used:

a. All VOC-containing adhesives, adhesive primers, and process-related waste materials shall be stored in closed containers.

b. Mixing and storage containers used for VOC-containing adhesives, adhesive primers, and process-related waste materials shall be kept closed at all times except when these materials are being deposited or removed.

c. Spills of VOC-containing adhesives, adhesive primers, and process-related waste materials shall be minimized.

d. VOC-containing adhesives, adhesive primers, and process-related waste materials shall be conveyed from one location to another in closed containers or pipes.

4. The following work practices for cleaning activities shall be used:

a. All VOC-containing cleaning materials and used shop towels shall be stored in closed containers.

b. Storage containers used for VOC-containing cleaning materials shall be kept closed at all times except when these materials are deposited or removed.

c. Spills of VOC-containing cleaning materials shall be minimized.

d. VOC-containing cleaning materials shall be conveyed from one location to another in closed containers or pipes.

e. VOC emissions from cleaning of application, storage, mixing, and conveying equipment shall be minimized by performing equipment cleaning without atomizing the cleaning solvent and by capturing all spent solvent in closed containers.

5. The application of adhesives and adhesive primers applied with a handheld, disposable can that is pressured and that dispenses an adhesive or adhesive primer by means of a propellant shall not be subject to the application method limits and controls found in subdivisions 1, 2, and 4 of this subsection but shall be subject to the work practices found in subdivisions 3 and 4 of this subsection.