Virginia Law

The following words and terms when used in this chapter shall have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise:

"Administrative review" means the procedure through which applicants or retailers may appeal a state agency's administrative action, including program disqualification, denied authorization, and other adverse actions.

"Agency representative" means staff from the state agency, a local agency, a contractor, or other designated individuals trained to conduct WIC functions and monitor retailers.

"Approved food list" or "WIC Approved Food List, April 1, 2018, Virginia Department of Health" means a brochure or method used by the WIC Program to communicate to eligible participants, retailers, local agencies, and other interested parties which authorized supplemental foods may be purchased using WIC food instruments. The approved food list is a guide and must be used with the food instrument, which may identify specific brands or additional products not stated on the approved food list that may be purchased by participants.

"Authorization" means the process by which the state agency assesses, selects, and enters into an agreement with retailers that apply or subsequently reapply to be authorized.

"CAPP Manual" or "CAPP Manual, Volume No. 1 – Policies & Procedures, Section No. 20500 – Accounts Receivable, Cardinal, August 2018, Office of the Comptroller, Commonwealth of Virginia" means the Commonwealth's Accounting Policies and Procedures (CAPP) Manual, which provides guidelines, policies, procedures, and regulations to assist and govern state agencies to develop procedures to properly account for, report, manage, and collect receivables.

"Caretaker" means a person 18 years of age or older, unless approved at the discretion of a competent professional authority, designated by a parent or legal guardian to certify an infant or child, obtain and redeem food instruments and attend nutrition education. A caretaker may be any person who has detailed knowledge of the nutritional needs and eating habits of the infant or child. A parent or legal guardian may designate one caretaker per family ID number.

"Cash value food benefits" means a special food instrument that has been issued to eligible participants for a specific dollar amount that must be used to purchase fruits and vegetables. Unless stated otherwise, all references to food instruments include cash value food benefits, as well as food and formula food instruments.

"Civil monetary penalty" or "CMP" means an administrative fine offered to a retailer in lieu of disqualification if inadequate participant access exists as determined by the state agency.

"Direct deposit ACH" means a method used to reimburse retailers for certain types of processed food instruments (i.e., "Over FI Max"). A credit is made to the retailer's designated bank account and routing number using the automated clearinghouse (ACH) process.

"Enrollment" means the process all applicants and authorized retailers must complete in order for a retailer to be eligible to accept WIC food instruments.

"FNS" means the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Services.

"Food instrument" means a voucher, check, electronic benefits transfer card (EBT), coupon, or other document that is used by a participant to obtain supplemental foods.

"Formula flyer" or "Virginia WIC Program, Infant Formula Flyer, February 2018, Virginia Department of Health" means a handout or method used by the state agency to communicate to eligible participants, retailers, local agencies, and other interested parties that formulas may be purchased at authorized retailers.

"Informal settlement meeting" means a meeting held with an authorized retailer or applicant representative and the state WIC director whose purpose is to review and clarify outstanding WIC Program administrative issues.

"Legal guardian" means an individual who has been appointed by a court of law or the Department of Social Services, or by other legal means, to have primary, physical custody of a minor. A legal guardian shall be authorized to provide eligibility information for an applicant, consent to medical treatment of the applicant, and shall be held legally bound if sanctions are imposed.

"NTE" means not to exceed.

"Peer group" means a classification of applicants and authorized retailers into groups based on common characteristics or criteria that affect food prices for the purpose of applying appropriate competitive price criteria to retailers at authorization and limiting payments for foods at competitive pricing levels. A retailer's peer group is used to determine competitive pricing levels at initial authorization and establish the reimbursement maximums paid by the state agency.

"Post-payment review" means an analysis of paid food instruments redeemed by authorized retailers in order to determine if pricing and redemption discrepancies exist. Based upon this analysis, a retailer claim against the retailer may be established by the state agency.

"Relatives" means spouses, parents, children, brothers, sisters, aunts, uncles, nephews, nieces, grandparents, and grandchildren.

"Retailer" means a vendor, retail store, commissary, or entity authorized by the Virginia WIC Program to accept WIC food instruments for the various types of foods listed on the approved food list. The term "retailer" is equivalent to the term "vendor" used in federal regulations (7 CFR 246.12).

"Retailer agreement" or "Virginia WIC Program's Retailer Agreement, January 2019, Virginia Department of Health" means a written agreement that establishes the respective roles and responsibilities of the state agency and authorized retailers in complying with federal and state requirements.

"Retailer claim" means the state agency has determined an authorized retailer committed a violation of the retailer agreement that affects the payment status of one or several food instruments.

"Retailer manual" or "Retailer Manual for the Virginia WIC Program, April 1, 2018, Virginia Department of Health" means a series of written documents that communicate administrative procedures for the Virginia WIC Program that regulate both authorized retailers and applicants. The retailer manual is part of the WIC Program State Plan that must be submitted and approved by USDA.

"Sanctions" or "Virginia WIC Program – Sanction Violation Schedule, May 1, 2017, Virginia Department of Health" means the schedule of penalties imposed by the state agency upon an authorized retailer for a specific violation outlined in the retailer manual or retailer agreement.

"State agency" means the Virginia Department of Health and the delegated authority to the Division of Community Nutrition, which has the administrative responsibility for managing the Virginia WIC Program.

"Termination" means the act of ending a retailer's WIC Program authorization for administrative reasons that include a change of ownership, closed retailer location, voluntary withdrawal, and noncompetitive prices.

"UPC" means Universal Product Code.

"USDA memo" or "USDA Memo – SFP 09-020 Clarification on Use of the WIC Acronym and Logo, January 9, 2009, United States Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service" means a memo drafted by the federal government to provide guidance to states on the use of the WIC program's acronym and logo.

"Unique participant" means the number of unduplicated individuals who have redeemed one or more food instruments at a retail store during a specific period.

"U.S. Department of Agriculture" or "USDA" means the federal agency that provides funding for the WIC Program on behalf of Congress.

"Waiting list" means a list implemented by the state agency for individual participants when the maximum caseload is reached.

"WIC sales" means annual sales based on WIC redemption paid by the state agency to an authorized retailer.