9VAC25-151-180. Sector K - Hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities.
A. Discharges covered under this section. The requirements listed under this section apply to stormwater discharges associated with industrial activity from facilities that treat, store, or dispose of hazardous wastes, including those that are operating under interim status or a permit under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) (Industrial Activity Code "HZ"). Disposal facilities that have been properly closed and capped, or clean closed, and have no significant materials exposed to stormwater, do not require this permit.
B. Special conditions. Prohibition of nonstormwater discharges. In addition to the general prohibition of nonstormwater discharges in Part I B 1, the following discharges are not covered by this permit: leachate, gas collection condensate, drained free liquids, contaminated groundwater, laboratory-derived wastewater and contact washwater from washing truck, equipment, and railcar exteriors and surface areas that have come in direct contact with solid waste at the landfill facility.
C. Definitions.
"Contaminated stormwater" means stormwater that comes in direct contact with landfill wastes, the waste handling and treatment areas, or landfill wastewater as defined in this section. Some specific areas of a landfill that may produce contaminated stormwater include the open face of an active landfill with exposed waste (no cover added); the areas around wastewater treatment operations; trucks, equipment, or machinery that has been in direct contact with the waste; and waste dumping areas.
"Drained free liquids" means aqueous wastes drained from waste containers (e.g., drums, etc.) before landfilling.
"Landfill" means an area of land or an excavation in which wastes are placed for permanent disposal, that is not a land application or land treatment unit, surface impoundment, underground injection well, waste pile, salt dome formation, a salt bed formation, an underground mine, or a cave as these terms are defined in 40 CFR 257.2, 40 CFR 258.2 and 40 CFR 260.10.
"Landfill wastewater," as defined in 40 CFR Part 445 (Landfills Point Source Category), means all wastewater associated with, or produced by, landfilling activities except for sanitary wastewater, noncontaminated stormwater, contaminated groundwater, and wastewater from recovery pumping wells. Landfill wastewater includes leachate, gas collection condensate, drained free liquids, laboratory derived wastewater, contaminated stormwater, and contact washwater from washing truck, equipment, and railcar exteriors and surface areas that have come in direct contact with solid waste at the landfill facility.
"Leachate" means liquid that has passed through or emerged from solid waste and contains soluble, suspended, or miscible materials removed from such waste.
"Noncontaminated stormwater" means stormwater that does not come into direct contact with landfill wastes, the waste handling and treatment areas, or landfill wastewater as defined. Noncontaminated stormwater includes stormwater that flows off the cap, cover, intermediate cover, daily cover, or final cover of the landfill.
D. Numeric effluent limitations. As set forth at 40 CFR Part 445 Subpart A, the numeric limitations in Table 180-1 apply to contaminated stormwater discharges from hazardous waste landfills subject to the provisions of RCRA Subtitle C at 40 CFR Parts 264 (Subpart N) and 265 (Subpart N) except for any of the following facilities:
1. Landfills operated in conjunction with other industrial or commercial operations when the landfill only receives wastes generated by the industrial or commercial operation directly associated with the landfill;
2. Landfills operated in conjunction with other industrial or commercial operations when the landfill receives wastes generated by the industrial or commercial operation directly associated with the landfill and also receives other wastes provided the other wastes received for disposal are generated by a facility that is subject to the same provisions in 40 CFR Subchapter N as the industrial or commercial operation or the other wastes received are of similar nature to the wastes generated by the industrial or commercial operation;
3. Landfills operated in conjunction with centralized waste treatment (CWT) facilities subject to 40 CFR Part 437 so long as the CWT facility commingles the landfill wastewater with other nonlandfill wastewater for discharge. A landfill directly associated with a CWT facility is subject to this part if the CWT facility discharges landfill wastewater separately from other CWT wastewater or commingles the wastewater from its landfill only with wastewater from other landfills; or
4. Landfills operated in conjunction with other industrial or commercial operations when the landfill receives wastes from public service activities so long as the company owning the landfill does not receive a fee or other remuneration for the disposal service.
Table 180-1 | ||
Parameter | Effluent Limitations | |
Maximum Daily | Maximum Monthly Average | |
Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, or Disposal Facilities (Industrial Activity Code "HZ") Subject to the Provisions of 40 CFR Part 445 Subpart A. | ||
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) | 220 mg/L | 56 mg/L |
Total Suspended Solids (TSS) | 88 mg/L | 27 mg/L |
Ammonia | 10 mg/L | 4.9 mg/L |
Alpha Terpineol | 0.042 mg/L | 0.019 mg/L |
Aniline | 0.024 mg/L | 0.015 mg/L |
Benzoic Acid | 0.119 mg/L* | 0.073 mg/L |
Naphthalene | 0.059 mg/L | 0.022 mg/L |
p-Cresol | 0.024 mg/L | 0.015 mg/L |
Phenol | 0.048 mg/L | 0.029 mg/L |
Pyridine | 0.072 mg/L | 0.025 mg/L |
Arsenic (Total) | 1.1 mg/L | 0.54 mg/L |
Chromium (Total) | 1.1 mg/L | 0.46 mg/L |
Zinc (Total) | 0.535 mg/L* | 0.296 mg/L* |
pH | Within the range of 6.0 - 9.0 s.u. | |
*These effluent limitations are three significant digits for reporting purposes. | ||
E. Benchmark monitoring and reporting requirements. Permittees with hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities (TSDFs) are required to monitor their stormwater discharges for the pollutants of concern listed in Table 180-2. These benchmark monitoring concentrations apply to stormwater discharges associated with industrial activity other than contaminated stormwater discharges from landfills subject to the numeric effluent limitations set forth in Table 180-1.
Table 180-2 | |
Pollutants of Concern | Benchmark Concentration |
Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, or Disposal Facilities (Industrial Activity Code "HZ") | |
Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) | 1.5 mg/L |
Total Suspended Solids (TSS) | 100 mg/L |
Total Organic Carbon (TOC) | 110 mg/L |
Total Recoverable Arsenic | 150 μg/L |
Total Recoverable Cadmium | 1.8 μg/L |
Total Cyanide | 22 μg/L |
Total Recoverable Lead | 82 μg/L |
Total Recoverable Mercury | 1.4 μg/L |
Total Recoverable Selenium | 5.0 μg/L |
Total Recoverable Silver | 3.2 μg/L |
Statutory Authority
§ 62.1-44.15 of the Code of Virginia; § 402 of the Clean Water Act; 40 CFR Parts 122, 123, and 124.
Historical Notes
Derived from Virginia Register Volume 15, Issue 9, eff. June 30, 1999; amended, Virginia Register Volume 20, Issue 16, eff. July 1, 2004; Volume 21, Issue 2, eff. November 3, 2004; Volume 25, Issue 19, eff. June 24, 2009; Volume 30, Issue 11, eff. July 1, 2014 Errata 30:13 VA.R. 1761 February 24, 2014; amended, Virginia Register Volume 35, Issue 19, eff. July 1, 2019; Volume 40, Issue 15, eff. July 1, 2024.