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Virginia Administrative Code
Title 9. Environment
Agency 5. State Air Pollution Control Board
Chapter 40. Existing Stationary Sources
12/31/2024

9VAC5-40-5070. Definitions.

A. For the purpose of these regulations and subsequent amendments or any orders issued by the board, the words or terms shall have the meanings given them in subsection C of this section.

B. As used in this article, all terms not defined here shall have the meanings given them in 9VAC5 Chapter 10 (9VAC5-10-10 et seq.), unless otherwise required by context.

C. Terms defined.

"Carbon adsorption system" means a device containing activated carbon as the adsorbent material, an inlet and outlet for exhaust gases, and a system to regenerate the saturated adsorbent. The carbon adsorption system must provide for the proper disposal or reuse of all volatile organic compounds in the adsorbate.

"Compliant ink or surface coating" means an ink or surface coating conforming to the definition of a high-solids, low-volatile organic compound or a waterborne ink or surface coating.

"Cleaning solutions" means any liquid used to remove ink and debris from the operating surface of a printing press and its parts.

"Electrostatic duplication" means a process using a plate or takeoff sheet that is electrically charged to attract developer to the image area only.

"Flexographic printing" means the application of words, designs or pictures by a rubber or elastomeric image carrier in which the image area is raised above the nonimage area.

"High-solids ink or surface coating" means an ink or surface coating which contains 60% or more nonvolatile compounds by volume.

"Letterpress printing" means a printing process which uses raised image transfer elements fixed upon a metal backing.

"Lithographic printing" means a planographic printing process in which the image and nonimage areas are chemically differentiated with the image area being oil receptive and the nonimage area being water receptive.

"Low-solvent ink or surface coating" means an ink or surface coating which contains not more than 0.5 pounds of volatile organic compounds per pound of nonvolatile compounds and is used on a packaging rotogravure printing or flexographic printing press.

"Noncompliant ink or surface coating" means an ink or surface coating which does not conform to the definition of a high-solids, low-volatile organic compound or waterborne ink or surface coating.

"Packaging rotogravure printing" means an intaglio printing process in which the ink is transferred from minute etched wells on an image carrier, typically a cylinder, to paper, paper board, metal foil, plastic film and other substrates, which are, in subsequent operations, formed into containers and labels for articles to be sold.

"Printing" means a photomechanical process in which a transfer of text, designs, and images occurs through contact of an image carrier with a substrate.

"Printing line" means all of the equipment between a web feed input and the finished rolled or cut and stacked product wherein printing ink or a combination of printing inks and surface coatings are applied, dried, or cured and which is subject to the same emission standard. Such equipment may include decks, stations, press units, devices, ink stations, and any other equipment which applies, conveys, dries, or cures surface inks or surface coatings. Such equipment may include but is not limited to flow coaters, flashoff areas, air dryers, drying areas, and ovens. It is not necessary for a printing line to have an oven, flashoff area, or drying area to be included in this definition.

"Printing process" means any operation or system wherein printing ink or a combination of printing ink and surface coating is applied, dried or cured and which is subject to the same emission standard. May include any equipment which applies, conveys, dries or cures inks or surface coatings, including, but not limited to, flow coaters, flashoff areas, air dryers, drying areas and ovens. It is not necessary for a printing process to have an oven, flashoff area or drying area to be included in this definition.

"Publication rotogravure printing" means an intaglio printing process in which the ink is transferred from minute etched wells on an image carrier, typically a cylinder, to paper which is subsequently formed into books, magazines, catalogues, brochures, directories, newspaper supplements or any other types of printed materials not included under the definition of packaging rotogravure printing.

"Surface coating" means all nonink liquids and liquid-solid mixtures containing volatile organic compounds which are applied to the substrate by printing units.

"Waterborne ink" or "surface coating" means an ink or surface coating whose volatile portion consists of 75% or more by volume of water and 25% or less by volume of volatile organic compounds.

"Web" means a continuous roll of printing substrate.

Statutory Authority

§ 10.1-1308 of the Code of Virginia.

Historical Notes

Derived from VR120-04-3602, eff. July 1, 1991; amended, Virginia Register Volume 12, Issue 11, eff. April 1, 1996.

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