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Virginia Administrative Code
Title 9. Environment
Agency 5. State Air Pollution Control Board
Chapter 540. Emergency Generator General Permit
10/31/2025

9VAC5-540-180. Emissions limits.

A. Manufacturer certified emissions of each CI affected unit located in an attainment area shall not exceed the limits specified in Table III.

Table III
Emissions Limits for CI Units Located in Attainment Areas

Generator Size (kW)

Displacement liters/cylinder

Model Year

Emission Limits
g/kW-hr (g/bhp-hr)

PM

PM10

PM2.5

CO

VOC

NOx

x < 8 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.4

0.4

0.4

8.0

7.5*

(x < 11 bhp)

(0.30)

(0.30)

(0.30)

(6.0)

(5.6*)

8 kW ≤ x < 19 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.4

0.4

0.4

6.6

7.5*

(11 bhp ≤ x < 25 bhp)

(0.30)

(0.30)

(0.30)

(4.9)

(5.6*)

19 kW ≤ x < 37 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.3

0.3

0.3

5.5

7.5*

(25 bhp ≤ x < 50 bhp)

(0.22)

(0.22)

(0.22)

(4.1)

(5.6*)

37 kW ≤ x < 75 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.4

0.4

0.4

5.0

4.7*

(50 bhp ≤ x < 100 bhp)

(0.30)

(0.30)

(0.30)

(3.7)

(3.5*)

75 kW ≤ x < 130 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.3

0.3

0.3

5.0

4.0*

(100 bhp ≤ x < 174 bhp)

(0.22)

(0.22)

(0.22)

(3.7)

(3.0*)

130 kW ≤ x < 560 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.2

0.2

0.2

3.5

4.0*

(174 bhp ≤ x < 751 bhp)

(0.15)

(0.15)

(0.15)

(2.6)

(3.0*)

560 kW ≤ x < 2,237 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.2

0.2

0.2

3.5

6.4*

(751 bhp ≤ x < 3,000 bhp)

(0.15)

(0.15)

(0.15)

(2.6)

(4.8*)

x ≥ 2,237 kW

Less than 10

2010

0.54

0.54

0.54

11.4

1.3

9.2

(x ≥ 3,000 bhp)

(0.40)

(0.40)

(0.40)

(8.5)

(1.0)

(6.9)

2011+

0.2

0.2

0.2

3.5

6.4*

(0.15)

(0.15)

(0.15)

(2.6)

(4.8*)

x ≥ 2,237 kW

10.0 ≤ x < 15.0

2010+

0.27

0.27

0.27

5.0

7.8*

(x ≥ 3,000 bhp)

(0.20)

(0.20)

(0.20)

(3.7)

(5.8*)

*Combined limit for VOC and NOx

B. Emissions of each CI affected unit located in an attainment area during testing shall not exceed the limits specified in Table IV.

Table IV
Emissions Limits for CI Units Located in Attainment Areas

Generator Size (kW)

Displacement liters/cylinder

Model Year

Emission Limits
(g/kW-hr (g/bhp-hr)

PM

PM10

PM2.5

CO

VOC

NOx

x < 8 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.5

0.5

0.5

10.0

9.4*

(x < 11 bhp)

(0.4)

(0.4)

(0.4)

(7.5)

(7.0*)

8 kW ≤ x < 19 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.5

0.5

0.5

8.3

9.4*

(11 bhp ≤ x < 25 bhp)

(0.4)

(0.4)

(0.4)

(6.2)

(7.0*)

19 kW ≤ x < 37 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.38

0.38

0.38

6.9

9.4*

(25 bhp ≤ x < 50 bhp)

(0.28)

(0.28)

(0.28)

(5.1)

(7.0*)

37 kW ≤ x < 75 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.5

0.5

0.5

6.3

5.9*

(50 bhp ≤ x < 100 bhp)

(0.4)

(0.4)

(0.4)

(4.7)

(4.4*)

75 kW ≤ x < 130 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.38

0.38

0.38

6.3

5.0*

(100 bhp ≤ x < 174 bhp)

(0.28)

(0.28)

(0.28)

(4.7)

(3.7*)

130 kW ≤ x < 560 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.25

0.25

0.25

4.4

5.0*

(174 bhp ≤ x < 751 bhp)

(0.19)

(0.19)

(0.19)

(3.3)

(3.7*)

560 kW ≤ x < 2,237 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.25

0.25

0.25

4.4

8.0*

(751 bhp ≤ x < 3,000 bhp)

(0.19)

(0.19)

(0.19)

(3.3)

(6.0*)

x ≥ 2,237 kW

Less than 10

2010

0.68

0.68

0.68

14.3

1.6

11.5

(x ≥ 3,000 bhp)

(0.51)

(0.51)

(0.51)

(10.7)

(1.2)

(8.6)

2011+

0.25

0.25

0.25

4.4

8.0*

(0.19)

(0.19)

(0.19)

(3.3)

(6.0*)

x ≥ 2,237 kW

10.0 ≤ x < 15.0

2010+

0.34

0.34

0.34

6.3

9.8*

(x ≥ 3,000 bhp)

(0.25)

(0.25)

(0.25)

(4.7)

(7.3*)

*Combined limit for VOC and NOx

C. Manufacturer certified emissions of each CI affected unit located in a nonattainment attainment area shall not exceed the limits specified in Table V.

Table V
Emissions Limits for CI Units Located in Nonattainment Areas

Generator Size (kW)

Displacement liters/cylinder

Model Year

Emission Limits
g/kW-hr (g/bhp-hr)

PM

PM10

PM2.5

CO

VOC

NOx

x < 8 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.4

0.4

0.4

8.0

6.4*

(x < 11 bhp)

(0.30)

(0.30)

(0.30)

(6.0)

(4.8*)

8 kW ≤ x < 19 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.4

0.4

0.4

6.6

6.4*

(11 bhp ≤ x < 25 bhp)

(0.30)

(0.30)

(0.30)

(4.9)

(4.8*)

19 kW ≤ x < 37 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.3

0.3

0.3

5.5

6.4*

(25 bhp ≤ x < 50 bhp)

(0.22)

(0.22)

(0.22)

(4.1)

(4.8*)

37 kW ≤ x < 75 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.4

0.4

0.4

5.0

4.7*

(50 bhp ≤ x < 100 bhp)

(0.30)

(0.30)

(0.30)

(3.7)

(3.5*)

75 kW ≤ x < 130 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.3

0.3

0.3

5.0

4.0*

(100 bhp ≤ x < 174 bhp)

(0.22)

(0.22)

(0.22)

(3.7)

(3.0*)

130 kW ≤ x < 560 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.2

0.2

0.2

3.5

4.0*

(174 bhp ≤ x < 751 bhp)

(0.15)

(0.15)

(0.15)

(2.6)

(3.0*)

560 kW ≤ x < 2,237 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.2

0.2

0.2

3.5

6.4*

(751 bhp ≤ x < 3,000 bhp)

(0.15)

(0.15)

(0.15)

(2.6)

(4.8*)

x ≥ 2,237 kW

Less than 10

2010

0.54

0.54

0.54

11.4

1.3

6.4

(x ≥ 3,000 bhp)

(0.40)

(0.40)

(0.40)

(8.5)

(1.0)

(4.8)

2011+

0.2

0.2

0.2

3.5

6.4*

(0.15)

(0.15)

(0.15)

(2.6)

(4.8*)

x ≥ 2,237 kW

10.0 ≤ x < 15.0

2010+

0.27

0.27

0.27

5.0

6.4*

(x ≥ 3,000 bhp)

(0.20)

(0.20)

(0.20)

(3.7)

(4.8*)

*Combined limit for VOC and NOx

D. Emissions from the operation of each CI affected unit located in a nonattainment area during testing shall not exceed the limits specified in Table VI.

Table VI
Emissions Limits During Testing for CI Units Located in Nonattainment Areas

Generator Size (kW)

Displacement liters/cylinder

Model Year

Emission Limits
g/kW-hr (g/bhp-hr)

PM

PM10

PM2.5

CO

VOC

NOx

x < 8 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.5

0.5

0.5

10.0

8.0*

(x < 11 bhp)

(0.4)

(0.4)

(0.4)

(7.5)

(6.0*)

8 kW ≤ x < 19 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.5

0.5

0.5

8.3

8.0*

(11 bhp ≤ x < 25 bhp)

(0.4)

(0.4)

(0.4)

(6.2)

(6.0*)

19 kW ≤ x < 37 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.38

0.38

0.38

6.9

8.0*

(25 bhp ≤ x < 50 bhp)

(0.28)

(0.28)

(0.28)

(5.1)

(6.0*)

37 kW ≤ x < 75 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.5

0.5

0.5

6.3

5.9*

(50 bhp ≤ x < 100 bhp)

(0.4)

(0.4)

(0.4)

(4.7)

(4.4*)

75 kW ≤ x < 130 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.38

0.38

0.38

6.3

5.0*

(100 bhp ≤ x < 174 bhp)

(0.28)

(0.28)

(0.28)

(4.7)

(3.7*)

130 kW ≤ x < 560 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.25

0.25

0.25

4.4

5.0*

(174 bhp ≤ x < 751 bhp)

(0.19)

(0.19)

(0.19)

(3.3)

(3.7*)

560 kW ≤ x < 2,237 kW

Less than 10

2010+

0.25

0.25

0.25

4.4

8.0*

(751 bhp ≤ x < 3,000 bhp)

(0.19)

(0.19)

(0.19)

(3.3)

(6.0*)

x ≥ 2,237 kW

Less than 10

2010

0.68

0.68

0.68

14.3

1.6

8.0

(x ≥ 3,000 bhp)

(0.51)

(0.51)

(0.51)

(10.7)

(1.2)

(6.0)

2011+

0.25

0.25

0.25

4.4

8.0*

(0.19)

(0.19)

(0.19)

(3.3)

(6.0*)

x ≥ 2,237 kW

10.0 ≤ x < 15.0

2010+

0.34

0.34

0.34

6.3

8.0*

(x ≥ 3,000 bhp)

(0.25)

(0.25)

(0.25)

(4.7)

(6.0*)

*Combined limit for VOC and NOx

E. Emissions from the operation of each SI affected unit shall not exceed the limits specified in Table VII.

Table VII

Emissions Limits for SI Units

Model Year

Emissions Limits
g/kW-hr (g/bhp-hr)

PM

PM10

PM2.5

CO

VOC

NOx

2010+

0.015

0.015

0.015

5.3

1.3

2.7

(0.011)

(0.011)

(0.011)

(4.0)

(1.0)

(2.0)

Instead of meeting the limits stated above, the owner may meet the alternative standards below: ( ppmvd at 15% O2)

540

86

160

F. Combined source-wide emissions from the operation of affected units shall not exceed the limits specified in Table VIII.

Table VIII
Combined Source-Wide Emissions Limits for Affected Units

Pollutant

Nonattainment Area Emissions (tons/year)

Attainment Area Emissions (tons/year)

PM

1.4

2.3

PM10

1.4

2.3

PM2.5

1.4

2.3

NOX

24.4

39.4

SO2

0.5

0.5

CO

48.0

77.4

VOC

11.8

19.0

G. Visible emissions from each affected unit located in an attainment area shall not exceed 10% opacity except during one six-minute period in any one hour in which visible emissions shall not exceed 20% opacity as determined by Reference Method 9. This condition applies at all times except during startup, shutdown, and malfunction.

H. Visible emissions from each affected unit located in a nonattainment area shall not exceed 5.0% opacity except during one six-minute period in any one hour in which visible emissions shall not exceed 10% opacity as determined by the Reference Method 9. This condition applies at all times except during startup, shutdown, and malfunction.

Statutory Authority

§§ 10.1-1307.2 and 10.1-1308 of the Code of Virginia.

Historical Notes

Derived from Virginia Register Volume 27, Issue 23, eff. August 17, 2011.

Website addresses provided in the Virginia Administrative Code to documents incorporated by reference are for the reader's convenience only, may not necessarily be active or current, and should not be relied upon. To ensure the information incorporated by reference is accurate, the reader is encouraged to use the source document described in the regulation.

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