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Virginia Administrative Code
Title 12. Health
Agency 5. Department of Health
Chapter 481. Virginia Radiation Protection Regulations
12/13/2024

12VAC5-481-3720. Exempt concentrations schedule.

Element (atomic number)

Isotope

Col. I

Col. II

Gas Concentration μCi/ml1

Liquid and Solid Concentration μCi/ml2

Antimony (51)

Sb-122

3 x 10-4

Sb-124

2 x 10-4

Sb-125

1 x 10-3

Argon (18)

A-37

1 x 10-3

A-41

4 x 10-7

Arsenic (33)

As-73

5 x 10-3

As-74

5 x 10-4

As-76

2 x 10-4

As-77

8 x 10-4

Barium (56)

Ba-131

2 x 10-3

Ba-140

3 x 10-4

Beryllium (4)

Be-7

2 x 10-2

Bismuth (83)

Bi-206

4 x 10-4

Bromine (35)

Br-82

4 x 10-7

3 x 10-3

Cadmium (48)

Cd-109

2 x 10-3

Cd-115M

3 x 10-4

Cd-115

3 x 10-4

Calcium (20)

Ca-45

9 x 10-5

Ca-47

5 x 10-4

Carbon (6)

C-14

1 x 10-6

8 x 10-3

Cerium (58)

Ce-141

9 x 10-4

Ce-143

4 x 10-4

Ce-144

1 x 10-4

Cesium (55)

Cs-131

2 x 10-2

Cs-134m

6 x 10-2

Cs-134

9 x 10-5

Chlorine (17)

Cl-38

9 x 10-7

4 x 10-3

Chromium (24)

Cr-51

2 x 10-2

Cobalt (27)

Co-57

5 x 10-3

Co-58

1 x 10-3

Co-60

5 x 10-4

Copper (29)

Cu-64

3 x 10-3

Dysprosium (66)

Dy-165

4 x 10-3

Dy-166

4 x 10-4

Erbium (68)

Er-169

9 x 10-4

Er-171

1 x 10-3

Europium (63)

Eu-152

(9.2 hrs)

6 x 10-4

Eu-155

2 x 10-3

Fluorine (9)

F-18

2 x 10-6

8 x 10-3

Gadolinium (64)

Gd-153

2 x 10-3

Gd-159

8 x `0-4

Gallium (31)

Ga-72

4 x 10-4

Germanium (32)

Ge-71

2 x 10-2

Gold (79)

Au-196

2 x 10-3

Au-198

5 x 10-4

Au-199

2 x 10-3

Hafnium (72)

Hf-81

7 x 10-4

Hydrogen (1)

H-3

5 x 10-6

3 x 10-2

Indium (49)

In-113M

1 x 10-2

In-114M

2 x 10-4

Iodine (53)

I-126

3 x 10-9

2 x 10-5

I-131

3 x 10-9

2 x 10-5

I-132

8 x 10-8

6 x 10-4

I-133

1 x 10-8

7 x 10-5

I-134

2 x 10-7

1 x 10-3

Iridium (77)

Ir-190

2 x 10-3

Ir-192

4 x 10-4

Ir-194

3 x 10-4

Iron (26)

Fe-55

8 x 10-3

Fe-59

6 x 10-4

Krypton (36)

Kr-85M

1 x 10-6

Kr-85

3 x 10-6

Lanthanum (57)

La-140

2 x 10-4

Lead (82)

Pb-203

4 x 10-3

Lutetium (71)

Lu-177

1 x 10-3

Manganese (25)

Mn-52

3 x 10-4

Mn-54

1 x 10-3

Mn-56

1 x 10-3

Mercury (80)

Hg-197M

2 x 10-3

Hg-197

3 x 10-3

Hg-203

2 x 10-4

Molybdenum (42)

Mo-99

2 x 10-3

Neodymium (60)

Nd-147

6 x 10-4

Nd-149

3 x 10-3

Nickel (28)

Ni-65

1 x 10-3

Niobium (Columbium) (41)

Nb-95

1 x 10-3

Nb-97

9 x 10-3

Osmium (76)

Os-185

7 x 10-4

Os-191M

3 x 10-2

Os-191

2 x 10-3

Os-193

6 x 10-4

Palladium (46)

Pd-103

3 x 10-3

Pd-109

9 x 10-4

Phosphorus (15)

P-32

2 x 10-4

Platinum (78)

Pt-191

1 x 10-3

Pt-193M

1 x 10-2

Pt-197M

1 x 10-2

Pt-197

1 x 10-3

Potassium (19)

K-42

3 x 10-3

Praseodymium (59)

Pr-142

3 x 10-4

Pr-143

5 x 10-4

Promethium (61)

Pm-147

2 x 10-3

Pm-149

4 x 10-4

Rhenium (75)

Re-183

6 x 10-3

Re-186

9 x 10-4

Re-188

6 x 10-4

Rhodium (45)

Rh-103M

1 x 10-1

Rh-105

1 x 10-3

Rubidium (37)

Rb-86

7 x 10-4

Ruthenium (44)

Ru-97

4 x 10-4

Ru-103

8 x 10-4

Ru-105

1 x 10-3

Ru-106

1 x 10-4

Samarium (62)

Sm-153

8 x 10-4

Scandium (21)

Sc-46

4 x 10-4

Sc-47

9 x 10-4

Sc-48

3 x 10-4

Selenium (34)

Se-75

3 x 10-3

Silicon (14)

Si-31

9 x 10-3

Silver (47)

Ag-105

1 x 10-3

Ag-110M

3 x 10-4

Ag-111

4 x 10-4

Sodium (11)

Na-24

2 x 10-3

Strontium (38)

Sr-85

1 x 10-4

Sr-89

1 x 10-4

Sr-91

7 x 10-4

Sr-92

7 x 10-4

Sulfur (16)

S-35

9 x 10-8

6 x 10-4

Tantalum (73)

Ta-182

4 x 10-4

Technetium (43)

Tc-96M

1 x 10-1

Tc-96

1 x 10-3

Tellurium (52)

Te-125M

2 x 10-3

Te-125M

6 x 10-4

Te-127

3 x 10-3

Te-129M

3 x 10-4

Te-131M

6 x 10-4

Te-132

3 x 10-4

Terbium (65)

Tb-160

4 x 10-4

Thallium (81)

Tl-200

4 x 10-3

Tl-201

3 x 10-3

Tl-202

1 x 10-3

Tl-204

1 x 10-3

Thulium (69)

Tm-170

5 x 10-4

Tm-171

5 x 10-3

Tin (50)

Sn-113

9 x 10-4

Sn-125

2 x 10-4

Tungsten (Wolfram) (74)

W-181

4 x 10-3

W-187

7 x 10-4

Vanadium (23)

V-48

3 x 10-4

Xenon (54)

Xe-131M

4 x 10-6

Xe-133

3 x 10-6

Xe-135

1 x 10-6

Ytterbium (70)

Yb-175

1 x 10-3

Yttrium (39)

Y-90

2 x 10-4

Y-91M

3 x 10-2

Y-91

3 x 10-4

Y-92

6 x 10-4

Y-93

3 x 10-4

Zinc (30)

Zn-65

1 x 10-3

Zn-69M

7 x 10-4

Zn-69

2 x 10-2

Zirconium (40)

Zr-95

6 x 10-4

Zr-97

2 x 10-4

Beta and/or gamma emitting
radioactive material not
listed above with half-life
less than three years

1 x 10-10

1 x 10-6

Footnotes:

1Values are given only for those materials normally used as gases.

2μCi/gm for solids.

NOTE 1: Many radioisotopes disintegrate into isotopes that are also radioactive. In expressing the concentrations, the activity stated is that of the parent isotope and takes into account the daughters.

NOTE 2: For purposes of 12VAC5-481-400 A where there is involved a combination of isotopes, the limit for the combination should be derived as follows:

Determine for each isotope in the product the ratio between the concentration present in the product and the exempt concentration for the specific isotope when not in combination. The sum of such ratios may not exceed "1" (i.e., unity).

Example:

Equation showing the relationship described in Note 2 for two example isotopes

Statutory Authority

§ 32.1-229 of the Code of Virginia.

Historical Notes

Derived from Virginia Register Volume 24, Issue 18, eff. June 12, 2008.

Website addresses provided in the Virginia Administrative Code to documents incorporated by reference are for the reader's convenience only, may not necessarily be active or current, and should not be relied upon. To ensure the information incorporated by reference is accurate, the reader is encouraged to use the source document described in the regulation.

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