Part I. General
18VAC48-30-10. Purpose.
This chapter governs the exercise of powers granted to and the performance of duties imposed upon the Common Interest Community Board by the Virginia Condominium Act (§ 55.1-1900 et seq. of the Code of Virginia) as the act pertains to the registration of condominiums.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-2349 of the Code of Virginia.
Historical Notes
Derived from Virginia Register Volume 31, Issue 20, eff. August 1, 2015; amended, Virginia Register Volume 36, Issue 6, eff. December 31, 2019.
18VAC48-30-20. Definitions.
A. Section 54.1-2345 of the Code of Virginia provides definitions of the following terms and phrases as used in this chapter:
"Association"
"Board"
B. Section 55.1-1900 of the Code of Virginia provides definitions of the following terms and phrases as used in this chapter:
| "Common elements" | "Identifying number" |
| "Common expenses" | "Land" |
| "Condominium" | "Leasehold condominium" |
| "Condominium instruments" | "Limited common element" |
| "Condominium unit" | "Nonbinding reservation agreement" |
| "Conversion condominium" | "Offer" |
| "Convertible land" | "Person" |
| "Convertible space" | "Purchaser" |
| "Declarant" | "Special declarant rights" |
| "Dispose" or "disposition" | "Unit" |
| "Executive board" | "Unit owner" |
| "Expandable condominium" |
C. The following words, terms, and phrases when used in this chapter shall have the following meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
"Annual report" means a completed, board-prescribed form and required documentation submitted in compliance with § 55.1-1979 of the Code of Virginia.
"Application" means a completed, board-prescribed form submitted with the appropriate fee and other required documentation in compliance with § 55.1-1975 of the Code of Virginia.
"Class of physical assets" means two or more physical assets that are substantially alike in function, manufacture, date of construction or installation, and history of use and maintenance.
"Department" means the Department of Professional and Occupational Regulation.
"Expected useful life" means the estimated number of years from the date on which such estimate is made until the date when, because of the effects of time, weather, stress, or wear, a physical asset will become incapable of performing its intended function and will have to be replaced.
"Firm" means a sole proprietorship, association, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, limited liability partnership, or any other form of business organization recognized under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia.
"Full and fair disclosure" means the degree of disclosure necessary to ensure reasonably complete and materially accurate representation of the condominium in order to protect the interests of purchasers.
"Limited common expense" means any common expense against one or more, but less than all, of the units.
"Major utility installation" means a utility installation or portion thereof that is a common element or serves more than one unit.
"Material change" means a change in any information or document disclosed in the application for registration, including the public offering statement or an attachment thereto, that renders inaccurate, incomplete, or misleading any information or document in such a way as to affect substantially a purchaser's rights or obligations or the nature of a unit or appurtenant limited common element or the amenities of the project available for the purchaser's use as described in the public offering statement.
"Offering" means the continuing act of the declarant in making condominium units owned by the declarant within a particular condominium available for acquisition by purchasers or, where appropriate, to the aggregate of the condominium units thus made available.
"Offering literature" means any written promise, assertion, representation, or statement of fact or opinion made in connection with a condominium marketing activity mailed or delivered directly to a specific prospective purchaser, except that information printed in a publication shall not be deemed offering literature solely by virtue of the fact that the publication is mailed or delivered directly to a prospective purchaser.
"Personal communication" means a communication directed to a particular prospective purchaser that has not been and is not intended to be directed to any other prospective purchaser.
"Physical asset" means either a structural component or a major utility installation.
"Present condition" means condition as of the date of the inspection by means of which condition is determined.
"Registration file" means the application for registration, supporting materials, annual reports, and amendments that constitute all information submitted and reviewed pertaining to a particular condominium registration. A document that has not been accepted for filing by the board is not part of the registration file.
"Regular common expense" means a common expense apportioned among and assessed to all of the condominium units pursuant to subsection D of § 55.1-1964 of the Code of Virginia or similar law or condominium instrument provision.
"Replacement cost" means the expenditure that would be necessary to replace a physical asset with an identical or substantially equivalent physical asset as of the date on which replacement cost is determined and includes all costs of (i) removing the physical asset to be replaced, (ii) obtaining its replacement, and (iii) erecting or installing the replacement.
"Structural component" means a component constituting any portion of the structure of a unit or common element.
"Structural defect" shall have the meaning given in subsection B of § 55.1-1955 of the Code of Virginia.
"Substituted public offering statement" means a document originally prepared in compliance with the laws of another jurisdiction and modified in accordance with the provisions of this chapter to fulfill the disclosure requirements established for public offering statements by subsection A of § 55.1-1976 of the Code of Virginia and, if applicable, subsection B of § 55.1-1982 of the Code of Virginia.
"Virginia Condominium Act" means Chapter 19 (§ 55.1-1900 et seq.) of Title 55.1 of the Code of Virginia.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-2349 of the Code of Virginia.
Historical Notes
Derived from Virginia Register Volume 31, Issue 20, eff. August 1, 2015; amended, Virginia Register Volume 36, Issue 6, eff. December 31, 2019.
18VAC48-30-30. Explanation of terms.
Each reference in this chapter to a "declarant," "purchaser," and "unit owner" or to the plural of those terms shall be deemed to refer, as appropriate, to the masculine and the feminine, to the singular and the plural, and to natural persons and organizations. The term "declarant" shall refer to any successors to the persons referred to in § 55.1-1900 of the Code of Virginia who come to stand in the same relation to the condominium as their predecessors in that they assumed rights reserved for the benefit of a declarant that (i) offers to dispose of his interest in a condominium unit not previously disposed of, (ii) reserves or succeeds to any special declarant right, or (iii) applies for registration of the condominium.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-2349 of the Code of Virginia.
Historical Notes
Derived from Virginia Register Volume 31, Issue 20, eff. August 1, 2015; amended, Virginia Register Volume 36, Issue 6, eff. December 31, 2019.
18VAC48-30-40. Condominiums located outside of Virginia.
A. In any case involving a condominium located outside of Virginia in which the laws or practices of the jurisdiction in which such condominium is located prevent compliance with a provision of this chapter, the board shall prescribe, by order, a substitute provision to be applicable in such case that is as nearly equivalent to the original provision as is reasonable under the circumstances.
B. The words "declaration," "bylaws," "plats," and "plans," when used in this chapter with reference to a condominium located outside of Virginia, shall refer to documents, portions of documents, or combinations thereof, by whatever name denominated, that have a content and function identical or substantially equivalent to the content and function of their Virginia counterparts.
C. The words "recording" or "recordation," when used with reference to condominium instruments of a condominium located outside of Virginia, shall refer to a procedure that, in the jurisdiction in which such condominium is located, causes the condominium instruments to become legally effective.
D. This chapter shall apply to a contract for the disposition of a condominium unit located outside of Virginia only to the extent permissible under the provisions of subsection B of § 55.1-1901 of the Code of Virginia.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-2349 of the Code of Virginia.
Historical Notes
Derived from Virginia Register Volume 31, Issue 20, eff. August 1, 2015; amended, Virginia Register Volume 36, Issue 6, eff. December 31, 2019.
18VAC48-30-50. Exemptions from registration.
A. The exemption from registration of condominiums in which all units are restricted to nonresidential use provided in subsection B of § 55.1-1972 of the Code of Virginia shall not be deemed to apply to any condominium as to which there is a substantial possibility that a unit therein other than a unit owned by the declarant or the unit owners' association will be used as permanent or temporary living quarters or as a site upon which vehicular or other portable living quarters will be placed and occupied. Residential use for the purposes of this chapter includes transient occupancy.
B. Nothing in this chapter shall apply in the case of a condominium exempted from registration by § 55.1-1972 of the Code of Virginia or condominiums located outside of Virginia as provided in subsection B of § 55.1-1901 of the Code of Virginia for which no contracts are to be signed in Virginia.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-2349 of the Code of Virginia.
Historical Notes
Derived from Virginia Register Volume 31, Issue 20, eff. August 1, 2015; amended, Virginia Register Volume 36, Issue 6, eff. December 31, 2019.
18VAC48-30-60. Preregistration offers prohibited.
No condominium marketing activity shall be deemed an offer unless, by its express terms, it induces, solicits, or encourages a prospective purchaser to execute a contract of sale of the condominium unit or lease of a leasehold condominium unit or perform some other act that would create or purport to create a legal or equitable interest in the condominium unit other than a security interest in or a nonbinding reservation of the condominium unit.
Statutory Authority
§ 54.1-2349 of the Code of Virginia.
Historical Notes
Derived from Virginia Register Volume 31, Issue 20, eff. August 1, 2015.