Title 32.1. Health
Chapter 21. Virginia Health Care Protection Act
§ 32.1-380. Individual actions; civil penalty.
A. In addition to any other right or remedy, an individual may bring a civil action against another person for nominal, compensatory, and punitive damages or equitable relief in addition to reasonable attorney fees and costs if such individual (i) is aggrieved by another person's failure to comply with the attestation requirements provided in subsection A of § 8.01-412.10, subsection C of § 19.2-87.1, or subsection B of § 19.2-99 or (ii) is injured, incurs damages, or is subjected to other harm as a result of another individual who, under the laws of a jurisdiction outside of the Commonwealth, engages or attempts to engage in abusive litigation as defined in § 32.1-377. Any compensatory damages awarded pursuant to this subsection shall be in the amount of actual damages or $5,000, whichever is greater.
For the purposes of this subsection, each instance in which an individual engages or attempts to engage in abusive litigation shall constitute a separate act for which a person injured may bring an action.
B. No action shall be commenced under this section more than three years after an aggrieved person's discovery that a violation pursuant to subsection A has occurred.
C. In addition to any venue otherwise allowed by law, proper venue for an action brought pursuant to this section may be laid in the County of Fairfax or the City of Richmond.
2026, c. 905.
