Virginia Law

A. Generally. No horse may start in a race at a race meeting licensed by the commission unless the owner, or part owner who has an interest of 5.0% or more in the horse, has been issued a permit by the commission, or unless an application has been submitted by the owner or part owner, or by their trainer, assistant trainer, or authorized agent, and the approval of the stewards has been obtained. If the trainer or authorized agent submits a partially completed application on behalf of an owner, the applicant shall complete the application within 30 days. The applicant shall be subject to disciplinary action for failure to complete the application. In any event, all purse moneys earned shall be held until the application is completed.

B. Husband and wife. For the purposes of these regulations, a husband and wife who enter their horse or horses as a single entity shall not be considered a partnership but shall make separate applications for permits as owners.

C. Registration of ownership. Every certificate of registration or eligibility paper shall reflect the true ownership of the horse, and the ownership of the horse printed in the daily program shall conform to the ownership listed on the certificate of registration or eligibility paper.

1. Before a horse can start in a race, the trainer must list its ownership with the racing secretary;

2. In the event ownership of a horse is a syndicate, corporation, partnership or other joint venture, the name of the managing owner shall be printed in the daily program; and

3. In the event of a change in ownership of a horse, it shall be the responsibility of the new owner to record the change in ownership with the racing secretary.

D. Qualifications of owners. In addition to all of the qualifications applying to all applicants in these regulations, applicants for permits as horse owners shall meet the following additional requirements:

1. Shall present a copy of a declaration page or certificate of insurance for workers' compensation as required by these regulations; and

2. Shall own or have under lease a horse eligible to race and shall be able to prove ownership of a horse eligible to race to the satisfaction of the stewards.

E. Disclosure of ownership. Trainers shall be responsible for the full disclosure of ownership of all horses under their care to the racing secretary. This disclosure shall be in writing and include:

1. All persons, who directly or indirectly, through lien, lease, partnership, corporate stockholding, syndication, or other joint venture, hold any present or reversionary right, title, or interest in the horse; and

2. All persons who by virtue of any form of ownership interest might exercise control over the horse or derive benefit from the racing of the horse as well as the degree and type of ownership held in the horse.

The full disclosure shall be made to the racing secretary, with a copy submitted to the stewards, upon the horse's arrival within the enclosure or at the time of entry, whichever event occurs first, and the racing secretary shall be notified immediately upon any subsequent change in ownership.

F. Joint ownership. No more than five persons may be listed as owners of a single horse. In the event more than five persons own interests in a single horse, through partnership, corporation, syndication or other joint venture, the owners shall designate, in writing, a member of the partnership, corporation, syndication or joint venture to represent the entire ownership and be responsible for the horse as the managing owner. Before the horse may be entered to race, the following requirements must be met:

1. A written designation of a managing owner to represent the entire joint venture must be submitted to the racing secretary and signed by every person having an interest of 5.0% or more in any horse entered to race, the chief executive officer of any corporation involved, and the general partner of any limited partnership;

2. Each person having an interest of 5.0% or more in a horse shall apply for a permit as an owner;

3. Each person having an interest of less than 5.0% need not apply for a permit as an owner, unless he intends to participate at the race meeting; however, a complete list of names and addresses of persons having an interest of less than 5.0% shall be provided to the stewards for their approval; and

4. A horse shall not be entered where a person who has any ownership interest in the horse would be ineligible for a permit under these regulations.

G. Estates, partnerships, corporations and other legal entities. Every estate, partnership, corporation and other legal entity shall make application for a permit to the commission and all persons having a 5.0% or more ownership interest in the estate, partnership, corporation or legal entity shall also make application to the commission for permits as owners.

1. A written designation of a managing owner to represent the estate, partnership, corporation or other legal entity must be submitted to the stewards and signed by every person having an interest of 5.0% or more in any horse entered to race, by the chief executive officer of any corporation involved, and by the general partner of any limited partnership;

2. The managing owner shall be responsible for submitting to the stewards a copy of the partnership papers or articles of incorporation which shall include the following information:

a. The name or names of the horse or horses involved in the estate, partnership, corporation or other legal entity;

b. The name and address of every person having any interest in the horse or horses involved in the estate, partnership, corporation or other legal entity;

c. The relative proportions of such interests;

d. In whose name the horse or horses shall run, and whose name shall be printed in the daily program;

e. The person who may enter the horse in races if other than the trainer;

f. The terms of any contingency, lease or any other arrangement; and

g. All partnership papers, articles of incorporation or other appropriate documents must be signed by all parties to the estate, partnership, corporation or other legal entity.

3. All parties in the estate, partnership, corporation or other legal entity shall be jointly and severally liable for all stakes, fees and other obligations.

H. Leases. When a horse is held under a lease, the lease agreement must be submitted to the stewards for their approval, and when approved by the stewards, the lease shall be attached to the certificate of foal registration or eligibility certificate. Before the stewards may approve a lease agreement, the following conditions must be fulfilled:

1. The lessee is a permit holder as an owner;

2. The lessor is eligible for a permit;

3. The signatures of the lessors and lessees on the lease agreement are subscribed and sworn to before a notary public;

4. The conditions of the lease specify whether the horse can be entered in a claiming race, and if so, the minimum price for which the horse can be entered, and the name of the payee in the event the horse is claimed;

5. The conditions of the lease specify that upon the horse being claimed, the lease shall terminate and all rights to the horse shall pass to the claimant as a bona fide purchaser;

6. The conditions of the lease divest lessors or sublessors of control or direction of the racing performance of the horse while held under the lease agreement; and

7. The program listing of the lessee would not mislead the public by reason of the absence in the daily program of the name of a person or persons possessing a beneficial interest in the horse.

I. Stable names. A holder of a permit as an owner may register a "stable name" with the commission. All names that do not reveal the actual identity or identities of the owner or owners of the horse or horses shall be considered stable names. The following conditions shall apply to stable names:

1. In making an application for a stable name, the applicant shall make a full disclosure of all of the parties to the stable name regardless of the proportion of their interest;

2. All parties who have an interest of 5.0% or more in the stable name must be holders of permits as owners;

3. If a partnership or corporation is involved in the stable name, then all of the provisions of these regulations applicable to partnerships or corporation must be complied with as well;

4. Any changes in the parties to the stable name must be reported to the racing secretary and the stewards prior to the horse being entered;

5. Any person who has been a party to a stable name may cancel his participation in the stable name upon giving a written statement to the stewards and racing secretary, and the notice must be received before time of entry;

6. A stable name shall not be used that is identical to one registered with the commission or with The Jockey Club, the National Steeplechase Association, the United States Trotting Association or the American Quarter Horse Association;

7. A stable name shall not be used which is the name of another owner of horses or the name of another prominent person;

8. A trainer may use a stable name only if he is a party to the stable name and trains all of the horses racing under the stable name;

9. The stable name must be clearly distinguishable from other stable names. If the stable name has more than one owner, one legal name of a party to the stable name must appear followed by the term "et al.";

10. A corporate name may be used as a stable name; and

11. A stable name may be canceled when all parties to the stable name submit to the stewards and racing secretary written notice of the cancellation, and a stable name may be changed by registering a new stable name with the commission.

J. Racing colors. For thoroughbred, steeplechase and other flat races, a holder of a permit as an owner shall register a set of racing colors when submitting an application for an owner's permit. The following provisions shall regulate the registration of racing colors:

1. Owners shall be responsible for designing and providing racing colors, consisting of jackets and caps of distinctive colors and patterns, to be worn by jockeys during a race;

2. Racing colors shall be registered annually by the owner;

3. Racing colors that are not readily distinguishable from those already registered by the commission or from those already registered with The Jockey Club or the National Steeplechase Association shall be prohibited;

4. No jockey may wear the racing colors except those registered by the owner; however, in emergency situations, the jockey may wear substitute racing colors with the permission of the stewards; and

5. Owners and trainers shall be jointly responsible for providing the clerk of scales with racing colors that are neat, clean and in good repair.