Chapter 85. Coal Combustion Byproduct Regulations
Part I
Definitions
9VAC20-85-10. Definitions as established in Solid Waste Management Regulations.
The definitions set out in the Solid Waste Management Regulations, 9VAC20-81, are incorporated by reference.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia; 42 USC § 6941 et seq.; 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 1.1, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 27, Issue 22, eff. August 3, 2011; Volume 32, Issue 9, eff. January 27, 2016.
9VAC20-85-20. Definitions.
In addition to the definitions incorporated by reference, the following words and terms shall have, for the purpose of this chapter, the following meanings:
"ASTM" means the American Society for Testing and Materials.
"CCB" means coal combustion byproducts.
"Closure" means the act of securing a fossil fuel combustion products site pursuant to the requirements of this chapter.
"Coal combustion byproducts" or "CCB" means residuals, including fly ash, bottom ash, boiler slag, and flue gas emission control waste produced by burning coal. CCB includes both CCR and non-CCR wastes identified by this definition.
"Coal combustion residuals" or "CCR" means fly ash, bottom ash, boiler slag, and flue gas desulfurization materials generated from burning coal for the purpose of generating electricity by electric utilities and independent power producers. CCR is a specific type of CCB.
"Department" means the Department of Environmental Quality.
"Director" means the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality or the Director of the Department of Energy depending on the context.
"Fossil fuel combustion products" means coal combustion byproducts as defined in this regulation, coal combustion byproducts generated at facilities with fluidized bed combustion technology, petroleum coke combustion byproducts, byproducts from the combustion of oil, byproducts from the combustion of natural gas, and byproducts from the combustion of mixtures of coal and "other fuels" (i.e., co-burning of coal with "other fuels" where coal is at least 50% of the total fuel). For purposes of this definition, "other fuels" means waste-derived fuel product, auto shredder fluff, wood wastes, coal mill rejects, peat, tall oil, tire-derived fuel, deionizer resins, and used oil.
"Fossil fuel combustion products site" means all land and structures, other appurtenances, and improvements on them used to manage fossil fuel combustion products by the methods included in either 9VAC20-85-40 A or B.
"Perennial stream" means a stream or part of a stream that flows continuously during all of the calendar year as a result of groundwater discharge or surface runoff.
"Speculatively accumulated material" means any material that is accumulated before being used, reused, or reclaimed or in anticipation of potential use, reuse, or reclamation. Fossil fuel combustion products are not being accumulated speculatively when they can be used, reused, or reclaimed, have a feasible means of use, reuse, or reclamation available and 75% of the accumulated fossil fuel combustion products are being removed from the storage annually.
"TCLP" means a chemical analytical procedure described in the Virginia Hazardous Waste Management Regulations, 9VAC20-60.
"Waste derived fuel product" means a solid waste or combination of solid wastes that have been treated (altered physically, chemically, or biologically) to produce a fuel product with a minimum heating value of 5,000 BTU/lb. Solid wastes used to produce a waste derived fuel product must have a heating value, or act as binders and may not be added to the fuel for the purpose of disposal. Waste ingredients may not be listed or characteristic hazardous wastes. The fuel product must be stable at ambient temperature, and not degraded by exposure to the elements. This material may not be "refuse derived fuel (RDF)" as defined in 9VAC5-40-890.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia; 42 USC § 6941; 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 1.2, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006; Volume 32, Issue 9, eff. January 27, 2016; Volume 38, Issue 7, eff. December 22, 2021.
Part II
Purpose and Applicability
9VAC20-85-30. Purpose.
The purpose of this chapter is to provide for the use of fossil fuel combustion products including coal combustion byproducts (CCB) and to establish appropriate standards for siting, design, construction, operation, and administrative procedures pertaining to their use, reuse, or reclamation.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia, 42 USC § 6941 and 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 2.1, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006.
9VAC20-85-40. Applicability.
A. This chapter applies to all persons who use, reuse, or reclaim fossil fuel combustion products by applying them to or placing them on land in a manner other than addressed in 9VAC20-81-95 of the Solid Waste Management Regulations. 9VAC20-81-95 provides for the beneficial use of waste materials such as fossil fuel combustion products, and provides for conditional exemptions from regulation for fossil fuel combustion products. This chapter also applies to all persons who use, reuse, or reclaim 12,400 tons or less of unencapsulated CCR on the land in nonroadway applications.
B. This chapter establishes minimum standards for the owners or operators of coal mining facilities that accept CCB for mine reclamation or mine refuse disposal on a mine site permitted by the Virginia Department of Energy unless otherwise exempt under 9VAC20-81-95 D 18 of the Solid Waste Management Regulations. If the permit issued by the Virginia Department of Energy in accordance with the Coal Surface Mining Reclamation Regulations, 4VAC25-130, specifies the applicable conditions set forth in Parts III (9VAC20-85-70 et seq.) and IV (9VAC20-85-150 et seq.) of this chapter, the permittee is exempt from this chapter.
C. Conditions of applicability are as follows:
1. Persons using fossil fuel combustion products other than in a manner prescribed under this chapter, or managing fossil fuel combustion products containing any constituent at a level exceeding levels set forth in Table 1 in Part IV of this chapter, shall manage their waste in accordance with all applicable provisions of the Solid Waste Management Regulations, 9VAC20-81.
2. Materials that are accumulated speculatively, materials that are not utilized in a manner described in the operation plan required by 9VAC20-85-90, and off-specification materials that cannot be utilized or reprocessed to make them usable shall be managed in accordance with all appropriate provisions of the Solid Waste Management Regulations, 9VAC20-81.
3. Storage, stockpiling, and other processing or handling of fossil fuel combustion products, which may need to occur prior to their final placement or use, reuse, or reclamation, shall be in a manner necessary to protect human health and safety and the environment. For projects permitted by the Virginia Department of Energy, the storage, stockpiling, or handling of CCB shall be managed in accordance with the Coal Surface Mining Reclamation Regulations, 4VAC25-130.
4. Use, reuse, or reclamation of greater than 12,400 tons of unencapsulated CCR on the land in nonroadway applications shall be managed in accordance with all applicable provisions of the Solid Waste Management Regulations, 9VAC20-81.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia; 42 USC § 6941; 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 2.2, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006; Volume 27, Issue 22, eff. August 3, 2011; Volume 32, Issue 9, eff. January 27, 2016; Volume 38, Issue 7, eff. December 22, 2021.
9VAC20-85-50. Relationship to other regulations.
This chapter does not affect the Solid Waste Management Regulations, 9VAC20-81, or other pertinent regulations of the department or other agencies of the Commonwealth, except that persons subject to and in compliance with this chapter are exempt from the Solid Waste Management Regulations and the Financial Assurance Regulations for Solid Waste Facilities, 9VAC20-70, for those activities covered by this chapter.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 2.3, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 27, Issue 22, eff. August 3, 2011.
9VAC20-85-60. Enforcement and appeals.
A. All administrative enforcement and appeals taken from actions of the department relative to the provisions of this chapter shall be governed by the Virginia Administrative Process Act (§ 2.2-4000 et seq. of the Code of Virginia).
B. The owner or operator of the fossil fuel combustion products site who violates any provision of this chapter will be considered to be operating an unpermitted facility as provided for in 9VAC20-81-40 of the Solid Waste Management Regulations and shall be required to either obtain a permit as required by Part V or close under Part III of 9VAC20-81.
C. The requirement to obtain a permit or to close the project shall not preclude additional action for remediation or enforcement, including (without limitations) the assessment of civil charges or civil penalties, as is otherwise authorized by law.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia, 42 USC § 6941; 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 2.4, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006; Volume 27, Issue 22, eff. August 3, 2011.
Part III
Management Standards
Article 1
Locational Restrictions
9VAC20-85-70. Locational restrictions.
Fossil fuel combustion products used, reused, or reclaimed on or below ground shall not be placed:
1. In areas subject to base floods unless it can be shown that fossil fuel combustion products can be protected from inundation or washout and that flow of water is not restricted, except for unamended coal combustion byproduct, which shall not be placed in areas subject to base floods;
2. With the vertical separation between the fossil fuel combustion products and the maximum seasonal water table less than five feet or bedrock less than two feet;
3. Closer than:
a. 100 feet of any perennial stream,
b. 100 feet of any water well (other than a monitoring well) in existence at the onset of the project,
c. 25 feet of a bedrock outcrop, unless the outcrop is properly treated to minimize infiltration into fractured zones,
d. 100 feet of a sinkhole, or
e. 25 feet from any property boundary or, in the case of projects permitted by the Virginia Department of Energy, 25 feet from the permit boundary ( All distances are to be measured in the horizontal plane.);
4. In wetlands, unless applicable federal, state, and local permits are obtained; and
5. On the site of an active or inactive dump, unpermitted landfill, lagoon, or similar facility, even if such facility is closed.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia; 42 USC § 6941; 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 3.1, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006; Volume 26, Issue 11, eff. March 3, 2010; Volume 32, Issue 9, eff. January 27, 2016; Volume 38, Issue 7, eff. December 22, 2021.
Article 2
Design and Construction
9VAC20-85-80. Design and construction.
This section prescribes design and construction standards for fossil fuel combustion products sites. The owner or operator of such a site shall submit appropriate design plans, specifications and a design report that address, at a minimum, the requirements contained in this section.
1. A survey benchmark shall be identified and its location referenced on drawings and maps of the site.
2. During construction and filling, off-site runoff shall be diverted around the use, reuse or reclamation areas. The uncovered active fossil fuel combustion products fill areas shall be graded to a maximum slope of 5.0% and a smooth surface maintained to provide for sheet flow runoff and to prevent dusting. Runoff from the use, reuse or reclamation area shall be controlled and contained by use of diversion ditches, sediment traps, berms or collection ponds in accordance with the site erosion control plan. The use, reuse, or reclamation projects shall be designed to divert surface water run on from a 25-year, 24-hour storm event. For projects permitted by the Virginia Department of Energy, the standards for runon, grading, and runoff shall be in accordance with the Coal Surface Mining Reclamation Regulations (4VAC25-130).
3. Finished side slopes shall be stable and be configured to adequately control erosion and runoff. Side slopes of 33% will be allowed provided that adequate runoff controls are established. Steeper side slopes may be considered if supported by necessary stability calculations and appropriate erosion and runoff control features. All finished slopes and runoff management units shall be supported by necessary calculations and included in the design report.
4. The finished top slope shall be at least 2.0% to prevent ponding of water, except where covered by a building, a paved roadway, a paved parking surface, paved walkways or sidewalks, or similar structures.
5. Specifications prepared by a registered professional engineer shall be provided that indicate the criteria for the placement of the fossil fuel combustion products based on the intended use of the site. Specifications will include lab and field testing to be performed, testing frequency based on the nature and source of the materials, and the required performance of the material based on the intended use of the site. All test methods will be in accordance with the Standard Guide for Design and Construction of Coal Ash Structural Fills, American Standard Test Method E2277-03 et seq., where applicable.
6. Upon reaching the final grade, the placed material shall be covered in accordance with the requirements of Article 4 of this part.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia; 42 USC § 6941; 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 3.2, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006; Volume 38, Issue 7, eff. December 22, 2021.
Article 3
Operations
9VAC20-85-90. Operations.
The owner or operator of a fossil fuel combustion products site shall prepare an operation plan. At a minimum, the plan shall address the requirements contained in this section.
1. Tracking of mud or fossil fuel combustion products onto public roads from the site shall be controlled at all times to minimize nuisances.
2. The addition of any solid waste including but not limited to hazardous, infectious, construction, debris, demolition, industrial, petroleum-contaminated soil, or municipal solid waste to fossil fuel combustion products is prohibited. This prohibition does not apply to solid wastes from the extraction, beneficiation and processing of ores and minerals conditionally exempted under 9VAC20-81-95 E 3 of the Solid Waste Management Regulations.
3. Fugitive dust shall be controlled at the site so it does not constitute nuisances or hazards.
4. After preparing the sub-base, fossil fuel combustion products shall be placed uniformly and compacted to standards, including in situ density, compaction effort and relative density as specified by a registered professional engineer based on the intended use of the fossil fuel combustion products. The placement and compaction of CCB on coal mine sites shall be subject to the applicable requirements of the Coal Surface Mining Reclamation Regulations, 4VAC25-130.
5. A surface run on and runoff control program shall be implemented to control and reduce the infiltration of surface water through the fossil fuel combustion products and to control the runoff from the placement area to other areas and to surface waters.
6. Runoff shall not be permitted to drain or discharge into surface waters except when in accordance with 9VAC25-10, of the State Water Control Board, or otherwise approved by the department.
7. Fossil fuel combustion products site development shall be in accordance with the Erosion and Sediment Control Regulations, 9VAC25-840, or the Coal Surface Mining Reclamation Regulations, 4VAC25-130, as applicable.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia; 42 USC § 6941; 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 3.3, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006; Volume 27, Issue 22, eff. August 3, 2011; Volume 32, Issue 9, eff. January 27, 2016.
Article 4
Closure
9VAC20-85-100. General.
Article 4
Closure
Upon reaching the final grade, the owner or operator of a fossil fuel combustion products site shall close his project in a manner that minimizes the need for further maintenance.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia, 42 USC § 6941 and 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 3.4, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006.
9VAC20-85-110. Exemptions from the closure requirements.
A. An owner or operator of a site that constructs a building, a paved roadway, a paved parking surface, paved walkways and sidewalks, or other similar structures on top of the fill within a reasonable time period of reaching the final grade not to exceed 12 months shall be exempt from the requirements of this article for the portions of the fossil fuel combustion products site directly under the construction area.
B. An operator of a coal mine site permitted by the Virginia Department of Energy who is reclaiming a site in conformance with the Coal Surface Mining Reclamation Regulations (4VAC25-130) shall be exempt from the closure requirements contained in the section.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia; 42 USC § 6941; 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 3.5, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006; Volume 38, Issue 7, eff. December 22, 2021.
9VAC20-85-120. Closure criteria.
A. The owner or operator shall install a final cover system that is designed and constructed to:
1. Minimize infiltration through the closed fossil fuel combustion products site by the use of an infiltration layer that contains a minimum 12 inches of earthen material; and
2. Minimize erosion of the final cover by the use of an erosion control layer that contains a minimum of six inches of earthen material and is capable of sustaining the growth of indigenous plant species or plant species adapted to the area.
B. The use of the property after closure shall not disturb the integrity of the final cover, unless the purpose of the disturbance is to construct buildings, paved roadways, paved parking surfaces, paved walkways and sidewalks, or other similar facilities.
C. Within 90 days after placement of the final cover is complete, the owner or operator shall submit:
1. To the local land recording authority, a survey plat prepared by a professional land surveyor registered by the Commonwealth, indicating the location and dimensions of the placement areas. The plat filed with the local land recording authority shall contain a note, prominently displayed, which states the owner's or operator's future obligation to restrict disturbance of the site.
2. To the department, a statement signed by a registered professional engineer that construction has been completed in accordance with and meeting the requirements of (i) the design plans, specifications, and the design report of 9VAC20-85-80, (ii) 9VAC20-85-90 (operational requirements) and (iii) 9VAC20-85-100 through 9VAC20-85-140 (closure requirements).
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia, 42 USC § 6941 and 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 3.6, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006.
9VAC20-85-130. Closure plan and amendment of plan.
A. The owner or operator of the fossil fuel combustion products site shall have a written closure plan. This plan shall identify the steps necessary to completely close the site. The plan shall include, at least, a schedule for final closure including, as a minimum, the anticipated date when fossil fuel combustion products will no longer be received, the date when completion of final closure is anticipated, and intervening milestone dates.
B. The owner or operator may amend his plan at any time during the active life of the project. The owner or operator shall so amend his plan any time changes in operating plans or project design affect the closure plan.
C. At any time during the operating life of the project, the plan shall be made available to the department upon request.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia, 42 USC § 6941 and 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 3.7, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006.
9VAC20-85-140. Time allowed for closure.
The owner or operator shall complete closure activities in accordance with the closure plan and within six months after receiving the final volume of fossil fuel combustion products. The department may approve a longer closure period if the owner or operator can demonstrate that the required or planned closure activities will, of necessity, take longer than six months to complete; and that he has taken all necessary steps to eliminate any significant threat to human health and the environment from the unclosed but inactive project.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia, 42 USC § 6941 and 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 3.8, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006.
Part IV
Administrative Requirements
9VAC20-85-150. General.
A. Notwithstanding any provisions of Part V (9VAC20-81-400 et seq.) of the Solid Waste Management Regulations, 9VAC20-81, the owner or operator of a site that manages only fossil fuel combustion products allowed under 9VAC20-85-40 shall not be required to have a solid waste management facility permit, neither must a fossil fuel combustion products facility operator certified by the Board for Waste Management Facility Operators directly supervise operations at the site, if the owner or operator at least 30 days prior to initial placement of fossil fuel combustion products provides to the appropriate department regional office and verifies receipt of:
1. A certification that it has legal control over the fossil fuel combustion products site for the project life and the closure period. For the purposes of this section, on a coal mine site permitted by the Virginia Department of Energy, demonstration of legal right to enter and begin surface coal mining and reclamation operations shall constitute compliance with the provisions of this section.
2. A certification from the governing body of the county, city, or town in which the fossil fuel combustion products site is to be located that the location and operation of the fossil fuel combustion products site are consistent with all applicable ordinances, with the exception of projects permitted by the Virginia Department of Energy.
3. A general description of the intended use, reuse, or reclamation of fossil fuel combustion products. Such description will include:
a. A description of the nature, purpose and location of the fossil fuel combustion products site, including a topographic map showing the site area and available soils, and geological maps. The description shall include an explanation of how fossil fuel combustion products will be stored prior to use, reuse, or reclamation, if applicable;
b. The estimated beginning and ending dates for the operation;
c. An estimate of the volume of the fossil fuel combustion products to be utilized; and
d. A description of the proposed type of fossil fuel combustion products to be used, reused, or reclaimed, including physical and chemical characteristics of the fossil fuel combustion products. The chemical description shall contain the results of TCLP analyses for the constituents shown in Table 1. The description shall also contain a statement that the project will not manage fossil fuel combustion products that contain any constituent at a level exceeding those shown in the table.
TABLE 1. | ||
Constituent | Level, mg/lit | |
Arsenic | 5.0 | |
Barium | 100 | |
Cadmium | 1.0 | |
Chromium | 5.0 | |
Lead | 5.0 | |
Mercury | 0.2 | |
Selenium | 1.0 | |
Silver | 5.0 | |
4. A certification by a professional engineer licensed to practice by the Commonwealth that the project meets the locational restrictions of 9VAC20-85-70. Such certificate shall contain no qualifications or exemptions from the requirements.
5. A certificate signed by a professional engineer licensed to practice by the Commonwealth that the project has been designed in accordance with the standards of 9VAC20-85-80 if applicable. Such certificate shall contain no qualifications or exceptions from the requirements and plans.
6. An operational plan describing how the standards of 9VAC20-85-90 will be met.
7. A closure plan describing how the standards of Article 4 of Part III of this chapter will be met, if applicable.
8. A signed statement that the owner or operator shall allow authorized representatives of the Commonwealth, upon presentation of appropriate credentials, to have access to areas in which the activities covered by this chapter will be, are being, or have been conducted to ensure compliance.
B. The materials submitted under the provisions of subsection A of this section will be evaluated for completeness within 30 days of receipt by the appropriate department regional office. If the department notifies the applicant of deficiencies within 30 days, the applicant shall postpone any construction or activities proposed in the application for the department's approval until the department's approval has been received. If the applicant has not received a notice of deficiency within 30 days, the applicant can proceed.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia; 42 USC § 6941; 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 4.1, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006; Volume 27, Issue 22, eff. August 3, 2011; Volume 38, Issue 7, eff. December 22, 2021.
9VAC20-85-160. Project modifications.
The owner or operator of a fossil fuel combustion products site may modify the design and operation of the project by furnishing the department a new certificate required by subdivision A 5 of 9VAC20-85-150 and a new operational plan required by subdivision 6 of 9VAC20-85-150. Whenever modifications in the design or operation of the project affect the provisions of the closure plan, the owner or operator shall prepare an amended plan in accordance with the requirements of Article 4 of Part III of this chapter.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia, 42 USC § 6941 and 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 4.2, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006.
Part V
Variances
9VAC20-85-170. Applicability.
The department may grant a variance from any requirement contained in Part III of this chapter to the owner or operator of the fossil fuel combustion products site if he demonstrates to the satisfaction of the department that granting the variance will not result in an additional risk to the public health or the environment beyond the risk which would be imposed without the variance.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia, 42 USC § 6941 and 40 CFR Part 257.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 5.1, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 23, Issue 4, eff. November 29, 2006.
9VAC20-85-180. Administrative procedures.
The administrative procedures associated with the submission of the variance petition, its processing and resolution will be accomplished in accordance with the requirements of Part VII (9VAC20-81-700 et seq.) of the Solid Waste Management Regulations.
Statutory Authority
§ 10.1-1402 of the Code of Virginia.
Historical Notes
Derived from VR 672-20-20 § 5.2, eff. February 22, 1995; amended, Virginia Register Volume 27, Issue 22, eff. August 3, 2011.
Documents Incorporated by Reference (9VAC20-85)
Standard Guide for Design and Construction of Coal Ash Structure Fills, American Standard Test Method E2277-03, ASTM International, 100 Bar Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.